The Evolution Of the Landing Craft Tank 

 

 

The Evolution Of the Landing Craft Tank  

Let there be built great ships which can cast upon a beach, in any weather, large numbers of the heaviest tanks.

--Winston Churchill

 

 LCT Mk 1

Diagram of a British Mark 1

Specifications

Hull Dimensions Length

152 ft.                                                

Hull Dimensions Beam                

29 ft.

Displacement  

372 tons

Draught forward

36 in.

Loads carried (max tons)

250 tons

Crew

12

Engine make

Hall Scott

Shaft Horse power

350

Number & Type

2 Gasoline 

Props

2

Max speed

10 knots

Range in miles

900

Armour in the wheelhouse

15 lb

Armour in the gun shields

20 lb

Armament

2-2 lb

Armament

 

* Short ton = 2000 lbs U.S. Long ton = 2240 lbs Great Britain

** Armament varied depending on theater of operation

30 built UK

 

LCT Mk 2

Specifications

Hull Dimensions Length

159 ft. 11 in.                                                  

Hull Dimensions Beam                

30 ft.

Displacement  

590 tons

Draught forward

44 in.

Loads carried (max tons)

250 tons +

Crew

12

Engine make

Paxman or Napier Lion

Shaft Horse power

460 hp   or 350 hp

Number & Type

3

Props

3

Max speed

10 1/2 + knots

Range in miles

2,700 miles

Armour in the wheelhouse

15 lb

Armour in the gun shields

20 lb

Armament

2 2 lb

Armament Alternative

2 40 mm

* Short ton = 2000 lbs U.S. Long ton = 2240 lbs Great Britain

** Armament varied depending on theater of operation

73 built UK

 

LCT Mk 3

Photo of Mk3 LCT 7059 is Courtesy of laurence sharpe-stevens

of The British Warship Preservation Trust.

Specifications

Hull Dimensions Length

 192 ft.                                                 

Hull Dimensions Beam                

30 in.

Displacement  

640 tons

Draught forward

46 in.

Loads carried (max tons)

300 tons

Crew

12

Engine make

164 with Paxman 71 with Sterling

Shaft Horse power

460 hp

Number & Type

2 Diesels or 2 Gasoline

Props

2

Max speed

9 knots

Range in miles

2,700

Armour in the wheelhouse

15 lb

Armour in the gun shields

20 lb

Armament

2 -2 lb

Armament Alternative

2 -40 mm

* Short ton = 2000 lbs U.S. Long ton = 2240 lbs Great Britain

** Armament varied depending on theater of operation

164 built with Paxman engines 71 built with Sterling engines UK

 

LCT Mk 4

Specifications

Hull Dimensions Length

187 ft 3 in.                                                  

Hull Dimensions Beam                

38 ft. 9 in.

Displacement  

586 tons

Draught forward

42 in.

Loads carried (max tons)

350 tons

Crew

12

Engine make

Paxman

Shaft Horse power

460 hp

Number & Type

2 Diesels

Props

2 at 21 in.

Max speed

8 knots

Range in miles

1,100 miles

Armour in the wheelhouse

15 lb

Armour in the gun shields

15 lb

Armament

2 -20mm

Armament Alternative

2 -40mm

* Short ton = 2000 lbs U.S. Long ton = 2240 lbs Great Britain

** Armament varied depending on theater of operation

731 built UK

LCT Mk 5

Specifications

Hull Dimensions Length

114 ft. 2 in.                                                          

Hull Dimensions Beam                

32 ft. 8 in.

Displacement  

286 tons  (short tons)*

Draught forward

36 in.

Loads carried (max tons)

150 tons (short tons)*

Crew

13

Engine make

Gray Marine

Shaft Horse power

675

Number & Type

3 Diesel

Props

3

Max speed

7 knots (Designed speed 10 knots)

Range in miles

700 at 7 knots

Armour in the wheelhouse

2 1/2 in.

Armour in the gun shields

2 in. plastic  ?

Armament

2 20 mm antiaircraft gun **

Armament

2  50  cal. machine guns **

* Short ton = 2000 lbs U.S. Long ton = 2240 lbs Great Britain

** Armament varied depending on theater of operation

500 Built US

LCT Mk 6

LSU 501 class/LCU 501 class/YFU class 1

CLASSIFICATION Originally rated as Landing Craft, Tank (LCT(6)) re-designated (Utility Landing Ships, LSU) in 1949 to reflect varied employment; designation changed to (Utility Landing Craft, LCU) on 15 April 1952 and classified as service craft. From the late 1950's through the 1960's some LCU's where re-designated  as YFU class 1

 
Specifications
Hull Dimensions Length 119 ft.1in.  in.                                                          
Hull Dimensions Beam                 32 ft.8 in.
Displacement   284 tons  (short tons)*
Draught forward 40 in.
Loads carried (max tons) 150 tons (short tons)*
Crew 12
Engine make Gray
Horse power 225
Number & Type 3 Diesel
Props 3
Max speed 7 knots
Range in miles 700 at 7 knots
Armour in the wheelhouse 20 lb.
Armour in the gunshields 10 lb  ?
Armament 2- 20 mm antiaircraft gun  **
Armament up to 4 - 50  cal. machine guns **

* Short ton = 2000 lbs U.S. Long ton = 2240 lbs Great Britain

** Armament varied depending on theater of operation

965 Built US

 

LCT Mk 7

designation changed to LSM before delivery. 

LSM 45 Taken in OMAHA, NEBRASKA April 2001

LCT Mk 8

Specifications

Hull Dimensions Length

225 ft.                                                  

Hull Dimensions Beam                

39 ft.

Displacement  

895 tons

Draught forward

45 in.

Loads carried (max tons)

350 tons

Crew

22 with 45 troop berths

Engine make

Paxman

Shaft Horse power

460 hp

Number & Type

4 Diesels in pairs 

Props

2

Max speed

12 knots

Range in miles

2,500 miles

Armour in the wheelhouse

 

Armour in the gun shields

 

Armament

2 -20mm

Armament

 

* Short ton = 2000 lbs U.S. Long ton = 2240 lbs Great Britain

** Armament varied depending on theater of operation

One Built UK

 

LCU 1466 class

Classification. The earlier craft of this series were initially designated as Utility Landing ships (LSU) ; redesignated Utility Landing craft (LCU) on 15 April 1952 and  classified as service craft. These are enlarged versions of the World War II built LCT Mk 5s ; constructed during the early 1950s. The main difference between the two is an enlarged crew accommodations.

Comparison
Description LCT Mk 5 LCU 1466 class
Hull Dimensions Length 114ft. 2in 119ft
Hull Dimensions Beam 32ft 8in 34ft
Displacement 285 tons 360 tons
Draught forward 36in 36 in.
Loads carried (max tons) 150 tons 180 tons
Crew 13 14
Engine make Gray Marine Gray Marine
Horse power 675 675 bhp
Number & Type 3 diesel 3 diesel
Props 3 3
Max speed 7 knots 18 knots ? I don't think
Range in miles 700 at 7 knots ?
Armour in the wheelhouse 2 1/2in ?
Armour in the gunshields 2 in. plastic ? ?
Armament 2 -20 mm antiaircraft gun 2 -20 mm antiaircraft gun

 

LCU 1610 class

General Characteristics, LCU 1610, 1627 and 1646 Class

Power Plant:2- Detroit 12V-71 Diesel engines, twin shaft, 680 hp sustained, Kort nozzles
Length: 134.9 feet (41.1 meters)
Beam: 29 feet (8.8 meters)
Displacement: 200 tons (203.21 metric tons) light; 375 tons (381.02 metric tons) full load
Speed: 11 kts (12.7 mph, 20.3 kph)
Range: 1200 miles at 8 knots
Capacity: 170 tons (172.73 metric tons)
Military Lift: 125 tons of cargo
Crew: 14
Guns: 2- 12.7mm MGs
Radar: Navigation:LN 66 or SPS-53; I band.

 

LCAC

General Characteristics

Class: LCAC 1
Builder: Textron Marine and Land Systems/Avondale Gulfport Marine
Power Plant: 4- Avco-Lycoming TF-40B gas turbines (2 for propulsion/2 for lift); 16,000 hp sustained; 2- shrouded reversible pitch airscrews; 4- double-entry fans, centrifugal or mixed flow (lift)
Length: 87 feet 11 inches (26.4 meters)
Beam: 47 feet (14.3 meters)
Displacement: 87.2 tons (88.60 metric tons) light; 170-182 tons (172.73 - 184.92 metric tons) full load
Range: 200 miles at 40 kts with payload / 300 miles at 35 kts with payload
Speed: 40+ knots (46+ mph; 73.6 kph) with full load
Load Capacity: 60 tons / 75 ton overload
Military lift: 24 troops or 1 MBT
Crew: Five
Armament: 2 - 12.7mm MGs. Gun mounts will support: M-2HB .50 cal machine gun; Mk-19 Mod3 40mm grenade launcher; M-60 machine gun
Radars: Navigation: Marconi LN 66; I band
Date Deployed: 1982

 

 

 

LCU 2000 class

Length overall  174 feet  Beam  42 feet  Draft  8 feet (light) 9 feet (loaded)
     Displacement   575 long tons (light) 1087 long tons (loaded)
     Deck area   2,500 square feet (5 M1 Main   Battle Tanks or 12 [24double stacked]      20’ ISO containers)
     Payload  350 tons (equivalent payload of  8 C-17 loads)
     Propulsion  Diesel
     Range  10,000 nautical miles at 12 knots (light)  6,500 nautical miles at 10            knots(loaded)
     Crew size  11     13  Avg. age   6 yrs Estimated Useful Life - 25 yrs
     Inventory   Army = 34 on-hand,  47 required (funded in POM)

None in US Navy Inventory  

   

 

 

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